Slant cut



O ct. 19, 1954 Filed OCL. 5, 1951 K. H. BURGSMULLER 2,691,921

SLANT CUT 2 Sheets-Sheet l nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnl 1 lnnnnnhhnnnnnnnl INVENTOR ATTORNEY Oct. 19, 1954 K. H. BuRGsMULLz-:R 2,691,921

SLANT CUT Filed Oct. 5, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENT OR BY v ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 19, 1954 SLAN T CUT Karlv Heinrich Burgsmller, Kreiensen am Harz, Niedersachsen, Germany, assignor'to Gcmerue Establishment, Vaduz, Liechtenstein Application October 5, 1951, Serial N0. 249,920

3 Claims.

This invention relates to certain improvements in-or relating to the cutting of threads .by means of a cutting tool operating at a slight slant.

Said cutting tool held in a ring, serving. as a toolv holder, circles eccentrically about a relatively slowly rotating workpiece, said` toolA makes a short cut with each rotation about said workpiece, which is continued following arelatively long idle path. This invention utilizes the known advantagesof the` alloy tipped cuttingr tools, generally known as-carbide tools.y

Inthe pastit was thought advisable in the cutting. of threads, to angularly slant the tool holder ring by one-half, or` about one-half, of the angle .of the thread, in order to 'stress one cutting edge only of the tipped tool. The said slanted position of the tool holder ring, however, had the disadvantage of limiting the :size of the workpiece for a given size of the tool holder ring.. By increasing. the diameter of the tool holder ring,.a difficult and expensive bearing `arrangementmust be provided for.

The angle -formed between the axis of the workpiece, and the-plane formed by the circle described ,by the rotating tool point, is made equal rto the pitch or helix angle of the thread to be cut.

Withthisnew method it is possible, with extremely smalldisplacement angles inthe horizontal-planebetween` said axis oi rotation of said tool holder ring, and said axis of the workpiece, to perform a single-dank cut, thus permitting themachining of shafts of a llarger diam-1 eter, than-here-to-fore with the vsame diameter of=saidl tool holder ring.

In .the present .invention the angle, and/or slant, ormedin `the horizontal plane through the axis of the workpiece and the vertical plane through the axis -of rotationof the tool holder ring, is adjusted so that one ank only ofthe tool point, which is ground-to t the profile of the thread, is engaged in cutting the thread on the workpiece. In the application of this invention itis preferred vto use more lthan one tipped cutting tool.

The amount of eccentricity between the axis of the'tool holder ring and the axis of the workpiece is selected so that the diameter of the circle described by the tool point does notsubstantially exceed Vthe nominal diameter of the thread to be produced.

It may be advantageousy to `select the said eccentricity so as to correspond approximately to the depth of the thread, i. e. approximately to the depthof the cut.

Other and further objects, features and advantages `of the invention will be pointed out hereinafter and appear in the appended claims forming part of this application.

In the accompanying drawings several now preferred embodiments Aof the invention are shown by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.

Fig. 1 is a front view of .a device for carrying out my novel method, inthe form of an attachment to be mounted on the tool rest of a lathe,

Fig. 2 isa side view.thereof, partly in section,

Fig. 3 isa diagrammatic view showing the eccentric position of the tool holder ring in relation to the axis of the workpiece.

Fig. 4 is a tool holder ring having two cutting tools arranged in opposite position to each other so as to balance. one another.

Fig. 5 is a sectional .View of a tool holderring which isslidable in an .axial direction yin its driving .disc,.and having two adjustable tools.

Fig.. 6 is an end view of a tool holder ring showing,r tools adjustablein aradial` position, and

Fig. '7 is a sectional View of a tool 4holder ring showing a 4plurality of cutting tools for the making of multiple threads.

Similar reference numerals denote similar parts -in the different views.

Reading on the drawings Figs. l and 2, show a base 3, mounted on Vthe tool restl, of a standard turning lathe 2,/said base 3, can be swivelled about a vertical pivot 4, and xable. in various positionsby means of clamping screws 5, which pass through circular slots 6. Said base 3 carries two bearing brackets? inwhichcasing l0 is mounted, by means of horizontal'pivots 8, 9, which is locked in positionby screw ll. Pivot 8 has a scale, or graduation, l2, for adjustment, or

, reading, of the angle of inclination of the casing l0. Pivot 9 has a worm wheel i3 to engage.

with a.worm M, mounted on the corresponding bearing bracket l, and can be driven by hand wheel l5.

Reading on Figs. 1 and 2, the casing lil carries by means of a ball bearing I6, a tool holder ring Il, having a cutting tool I8, opposite thereto, a balance weightV I9. Part oftool holder ring. i1, rotating in casingv l0, forms one half 20, of an adjustable V-beltsheave .serving also as aflywheel tov avoid unbalanced stresses rupon the,

bearing i6, of tool holder ring l1, which at the high speed of rotation is subject to heavy loads. The other half 2i means of a ball bearing 22. Said'half 2l of V- belt sheave, ZB--Zl can be shifted inrelation to,

the axially stationary half 2t, by a hand wheel 2li, through a lever 23.'r Said lever 23 serves to control the movable half 25, of a second adjustof the adjustable V-belt sheave is axially mounted in the casing Il by 3 holder ring I'I, and held in the chuck 39 of the lathe 2, eccentrically thereto.

Tool holder ring I1 with the casing II), is swivelled about its vertical pivot 4, so that one of the cutting anks of tool I8, which is ground to i'lt the thread to be cut, slides past one of the ilanks of the thread to be cut, and said tool flank does not perform any cutting work, while the other tool flank performs all the cutting work. This position of the casing I is then xed by the clamping screws 5. Casing I0 is then inclined about its horizontal bearing pivots 8 9, by turning the hand wheel I operating the worm gear drive I3-l4, until the angle of inclination corresponds with the pitch, or helix angle, of the thread to be cut. Said angle of inclination can be read on scale I2. Workpiece 29, is slowly rotated, while the tool holder ring Il is rotated at high speed. Said speed can be adjusted by hand wheel 24 through an adjustable V-belt drive 20, 2l, 25, 28, and belt 28.

Tool holder ring I'I encircles the workpiece 29 eccentrically. A short cut along one ank, to the full depth, of the thread, will be carried out with each rotation of said tool holder ring Il. The cut will be continued in the following rotation. After each cut the cutting tool I8, is passed through the air at high speed for a relatively long idle path, and thus is cooled very effectively.

' Fig. 3 shows tool holder ring I7 with the cutting tool I8 and its eccentricity in relation to the axis of the workpiece 29, as indicated. The circle of diameter y described by the point of tool I8, should not, or not substantially, exceed the nominal diameter z, of the therad to be cut.

Fig. 4 shows two opposite cutting tools I8, arranged in the tool holder` ring Il, to balance rotating masses.

Fig. 5 shows tool holder ring I'I, consisting of two axially telescoping parts, mounted in the casing I9, for holding cutting tools I8.

By shifting the ring part I'I holding the tools I8 axially the said tools I8, can be adjusted so that the points of said tools I8, are in line with the axis passing through the pivots 8 and 9, so as to ensure a satisfactory cut.

Fig. 6 shows tool holder ring II designed to be used for all workpiece diameters within its scope.

Tools I8 are secured in jaws 3l, in a similar manner as in a universal chuck. The tools I8, are adjusted simultaneously and evenly through a self-locking Worm gear drive, comprising worm 32 and worm wheel 33, by turning said worm 32 by square head 34 by means of a Spanner wrench. Worm wheel 33, is concentrically mounted on the tool holder ring I1, and equipped with spiral shaped grooves 35, to engage guide pins 38, of jaws 3|, holding cutting tools I8.

Fig. 7 shows tool holder ring I I with a separate cutting tool l, for each thread llet of a multiple thread to be cut.

While the invention has been described in detail with respect to certain now preferred examples and embodiments of the invention it will be understood by those skilled in the art after understanding the invention that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended, therefore, to cover all Vsuch changes and modications in the appended claims.

What Ir claim is:

1. Apparatus for cutting screw threads on a substantially cylindrical portion of a workpiece, comprising means for supporting a vworkpiece and for relatively slowly rotating it about the axis of such cylindrical portion, a thread cutting tool, a ring type tool holder for said tool, a casing in which said tool holder is mounted for rotation about the axis of said tool holder, means carried by said casing for rotating said tool holder at a speed which is relatively rapid as compared with the speed of rotation of the workpiece, a base in which said casing is mounted for adjustive movement about an axis perpendicular to a predetermined plane passing through said axis of rotation of said workpiece, means for securing said casing to said base in different adjusted positions about the axis therebetween, a stationary support mounting said base for adjustive movement about an axis which is perpendicular to a second plane, said second plane also passing through said axis of rotation of said workpiece and being perpendicular to the iirst named plane, and means for securing said base to said stationary support in diierent relative adjusted positions thereof.

2. Apparatus for cutting screw threads on a substantially cylindrical portion of a workpiece, comprising means for supporting a workpiece and for relatively slowly rotating it about the axis of such cylindrical portion, said axis being substantially horizontally disposed; a stationary support adjacent to said workpiece supporting and rotating means, a base mounted on said stationary support for adjustment in respect f thereto about a Vertical axis, means for securing `said base to said support in different adjusted positions about said axis, a casing pivotally mounted on said base and adjustably movable in respect thereto about a horizontal axis which is fixed in respect to said base, means for securing said casing to said basey in different adjusted positions, a ring type tool support mounted on and for rotation with respect to said casing, a thread cutting tool carried by said tool support and directed inwardly thereof, means also carried by said casing for rotating said tool support at a speed which is relatively rapid in respect to the speed of rotation of said workpiece, whereby said tool may be caused to cut intermittently with longer cooling periods alternating with shorter cutting periods, and the angle of said tool in each cut may be adjusted by the adjustment means aforesaid.

3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said tool support rotating means comprises an electric motor mounted on said casing, and a variable speed power transmission means between said motor and said tool support.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,507,235 Hall Sept. 2, 1924 1,626,936 Ingham May 3, 1927 1,888,792 Cottrell Nov. 22, 1932 2,610,535 Johnson Sept. 16, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 43,802 Switzerland Mar. 23, 1908 323,813 Germany Aug. 9, 1920 491,956 France June 24, 1919 

